Medical reference book of diseases

Pelvic prelying of a fruit – a longitudinal arrangement of a fruit in a uterus with the legs or buttocks turned to an entrance to a small pelvis. Pregnancy at pelvic prelying of a fruit quite often proceeds in the conditions of threat of interruption, a gestoz, fetoplatsentarny insufficiency, a hypoxia of a fruit, patrimonial injuries. Diagnostics of pelvic prelying of a fruit is made by means of an external and vaginal research, an ekhografiya, doppler sonography, KTG. Treatment of pelvic prelying includes complexes of corrective gymnastics, carrying out preventive external turn of a fruit, the preliminary choice of a way of a rodorazresheniye....

Talassemiya – the hereditary gemoglobinopatiya which are characterized by oppression of synthesis of the chained proteinaceous molecules forming structure of hemoglobin. It leads to damage of a membrane of erythrocytes and destruction of red blood cells with development of hemolytic crises. Characteristic bone changes, a gepatosplenomegaliya, an anemichesky syndrome are signs of a talassemiya. The diagnosis of a talassemiya is confirmed by clinical and laboratory data (a research of a gemogramma, hemoglobin, a miyelogramma, an elektroforetichesky method). Prenatal diagnostics of a talassemiya is possible. In treatment of a talassemiya hemotransfusions, therapy desferaly, a splenektomiya, transplantation of marrow are applied....

Tamponada of heart – the clinical syndrome connected with sharp dysfunction of heart and system haemo dynamics owing to bystry accumulation of liquid in a cavity of a pericardium and rise in intra pericardiac pressure. Tamponada of heart can be shown by discomfort in a breast, painful short wind, tachycardia, , paradoxical pulse, arterial hypotonia, swelling of jugular veins, an unconscious state, shock. The diagnosis of a tamponada of heart is based on data of fizikalny survey, EhoKG, the ECG, a X-ray analysis of a thorax, a kateterization of the right departments of heart. At a tamponada of heart the urgent puncture of a pericardium, sometimes - a perikardiotomiya, a subtotal perikardektomiya is shown....

Tachycardia – the type of arrhythmia which is characterized with a heart rate more than 90 beats per minute. Tachycardia is considered norm option at increase in physical or emotional activity. Pathological tachycardia – a consequence of diseases cardiovascular or other systems. It is shown by feeling of heartbeat, a pulsation of vessels of a neck, concern, dizziness, faints. Can lead to development of an acute heart failure, myocardial infarction, IBS, cardiac arrest....

Takhilaliya - the violation of rate of a recheproizvodstvo which is characterized by pathologically bystry speech stream. At a takhilaliya tempo of speech and the general motility is considerably accelerated; repetitions, halts, "proglatyvaniye", distortions of syllables and words, violations of the letter and reading are noted. The patient with a takhilaliya has to be comprehensively examined by the neurologist, the psychiatrist, the logopedist and the psychologist. Correctional work at a takhilaliya includes complex medical, psychotherapeutic and logopedic influence (a balneoterapiya, LFK, an autogenic training, speech exercises, logopedic rhythmics, etc.)....

Tekalyuteinovy cyst of an ovary – the retentsionny formation of ovarialny fabric presented by atrezirovanny follicles with a layer of tekalyuteinovy cages. Emergence of a tekalyuteinovy cyst is, as a rule, accompanied by a trofoblastichesky disease or medicamentous hyper stimulation of an ovulation. The Tekalyuteinovy cyst of an ovary can cause discomfort in the field of a basin; at a gap or overwind legs – development of clinic of a sharp stomach. Diagnosis of tekalyuteinovy cysts is based on data of the anamnesis, results gynecologic and ultrasonography. Tekalyuteinovy cysts of ovaries usually do not demand treatment and regress spontaneously after the termination of a gestation or removal of a trofoblast. Surgical tactics is required at preservation of a cyst and its complicated current....

Dark circles under eyes – change of skin color in paraorbital area in the form of circles of a bluish-gray or brown shade. Dark circles under eyes give to the face the unhealthy, grown thin, emaciated look; visually do the person is more senior and it is more unattractive. Besides, dark circles under eyes can indicate any internal diseases therefore they demand performing medical diagnostics. The problem of dark circles under eyes has to be solved in a complex, by elimination of the reasons of this state and holding cosmetic procedures (a mesotherapy, biorevitalization, masks, microcurrent therapy, etc.)....

Temperature small tortoiseshell – the allergic urtikarny dermatosis arising as response to action of a temperature factor. The main clinical symptoms are the itch and hyperaemia against the background of which there are monomorfny blisters existing no more than 24 hours. Rashes can be followed by temperature increase, a headache, the prodromalny phenomena, intoxication. Diagnose temperature urticaria on the basis of the anamnesis, clinical manifestations and provocative tests. Therapy consists in elimination of the reason of a dermatosis, purpose of the antihistaminic, desensibilizing, anti-inflammatory medicines, a detoxication....

Tendinit – a disease of inflammatory character in a sinew. Can be both sharp, and chronic. At a chronic tendinit degenerate processes in the affected sinew develop over time. As a rule, the part of a sinew adjoining a bone suffers, less often the inflammation extends on all sinew. The single or regular raised loading leading to a mikrotravmatization of tendinous fibers is the main reason for a tendinit. The disease often occurs at athletes and people of physical work (especially if this work assumes the monotonous movements). Tendinit is followed by pain during movements, insignificant hypostasis, hyperaemia and local temperature increase. Treatment can be both conservative, and quick. At a chronic tendinit prevention of aggravations is of great importance....

Tendinit an Achilles tendon – inflammatory process in an Achilles tendon. Can develop because of constant overloads of a gastrocnemius muscle (at the athletes and people doing hard manual work) or owing to excessive single load of an unprepared sinew (people have 40-60 years, it is connected with an age rigidnost of a sinew). It is shown by pains, hypostasis and insignificant restriction of back bending of foot. The diagnosis is exposed on the basis of the symptoms given to MRT and a X-ray analysis. Treatment is conservative....

Tendinit a knee joint – an inflammation and a degeneration of the sinews located in a knee. The constant overstrain and a mikrotravmatization of sinews is the main reason for a tendinit. This pathology often comes to light at athletes. It is shown by pains (at first only during active loading, then and at rest), hyperaemia, local hypostasis and restriction of movements sometimes comes to light. The diagnosis is exposed on the basis of complaints, the anamnesis, clinical symptoms, MRT and ultrasonography. For an exception of other diseases appoint a X-ray analysis. Treatment is usually conservative....

Tendinit a shoulder joint – an inflammation of the sinews located in the field of a shoulder head. The sinew of a nadostny muscle, a biceps sinew, the capsule of a joint or all listed educations at the same time can be involved in process. The trauma, a long immobilization, excessive physical activities or cervical osteochondrosis is the reason of development. It is shown by pains and restriction of movements. The diagnosis is exposed on the basis of the symptoms given to a X-ray analysis and MRT. Treatment is usually conservative, the forecast favorable....

Tendovaginit – an inflammation of a sinew and the cover surrounding it. Unlike a tendinit, develops in areas of sinews which have a vagina – something like the soft tunnel consisting of connecting fabric. Nonspecific and specific infections, rheumatic diseases and the repeating same movements during sports activities or performance of professional duties can become the reason of development. Tendovaginit can proceed sharply or chronically. It is shown by the pains amplifying at the movements. Hypostasis and increase in local temperature is possible. At infectious tendovaginita symptoms of the general intoxication are observed, noninfectious proceed without violation of the general condition of the patient. Treatment depends on a form and option of a current of a tendovaginit and can be both conservative, and quick....

Tendovaginit brushes – the inflammation striking an internal cover of vaginas of sinews of sgibatel and razgibatel of fingers and a brush. Arises owing to injuries, a constant overstrain of muscles, degenerate changes, rheumatic diseases and infectious defeats. Can be sharp or chronic, infectious or aseptic. It is shown by pain, hypostasis and restriction of movements. At a stenoziruyushchy tendovaginit the syndrome of "the clicking finger" - feeling of an obstacle and click during the bending or extension is observed. The diagnosis is exposed on the basis of a clinical picture, treatment usually conservative....

Tendovaginit feet – an inflammation of an internal cover of tendinous vaginas of foot. Can be sharp or chronic, infectious or aseptic, primary or secondary. Primary tendovaginit develops owing to sports or professional overloads of a certain group of muscles, secondary – as a result of spread of an infection (at purulent processes and infectious diseases) or a jet toxic inflammation (at rheumatic diseases). It is shown by hypostasis, pains and restriction of movements. The diagnosis is exposed on the basis of symptoms, laboratory data, a X-ray analysis and other researches. Treatment is more often conservative....

Teniarinkhoz - the parasitic disease from group of biohelminthoses which is shown symptoms of damage of a digestive tract and toksiko-allergic reactions. At a teniarinkhoza nausea, abdominal pains, an unstable chair, sharp increase in appetite and loss of weight, an independent vypolzaniye of chlenik of a parasite through an anus, astenovegetativny and neurotic syndromes, a small tortoiseshell are observed. The diagnosis of a teniarinkhoz is based on data of the anamnesis, a koproovoskopiya, perianalno-rectal scrape, a X-ray analysis of a small intestine. Treatment of a teniarinkhoz consists in reception of protivogelmintny medicines (, prazikvantet)....

Tenioz – the helminthosis caused by parasitizing in a small intestine of a pork tapeworm and which is characterized by signs of disorder of digestion and asteno-neurotic manifestations. The current of a tenioz is followed by a loss of appetite, belly-aches, nausea, vomiting, violation of a chair, dizziness and headaches, frustration of a dream, unconscious states. Cysticercosis of eyes and a brain can be a dangerous complication of a tenioz. The diagnosis of a tenioz is exposed on the basis of detection of chlenik of a pork tapeworm in excrements or perianalny scrape. As specific protivogelmintny medicines are used , prazikvantet, etc...

Tenonit - it is polietiologichesky pathology of an organ of vision of which secondary defeat of the tenonovy capsule is characteristic. Main clinical symptoms: eye-socket pain with irradiation to the area of a forehead and nadbrovny arches which amplifies at the movements of eyes , the century and an orbital conjunctiva swelled. Diagnostics of a tenonit includes external examination, KT, BRIDLES in the V-mode, a vizometriya, biomicroscopy, a tonometriya. Depending on an etiology treatment comes down to performing glyukokortikosteroidny or antibacterial therapy systemically or in the form of subconjunctival and retrobulbarny injections. At a purulent tenonit opening and drainage of tenonovy space is shown....

Heatstroke – result of overheating of an organism, the sudden general hyperthermia which is followed by violation of functions of various bodies and systems. Intensive thermal impact and low speed of adaptation to the increased ambient temperature becomes the reason. Can be followed by asphyxia, spasms, hallucinations, nonsense, nausea, vomiting and loss of consciousness. In hard cases the coma and a lethal outcome is possible. The diagnosis is exposed on the basis of the anamnesis and a clinical picture. Treatment is conservative....

Teratoma – the embryonic and cellular tumor developing from layers endo-ekzo-and mesoderms. Can be good-quality or malignant. Settles down in testicles, ovaries or ekstragonadno. Small benign tumors proceed asymptomatically. Large teratoma cause a sdavleniye of nearby bodies with emergence of the corresponding symptomatology. Malignant new growths can give metastasises. The diagnosis is exposed on the basis of complaints, survey, a X-ray analysis, ultrasonography, KT, MPT, biopsy and other researches. Treatment – operation, radiotheraphy, chemotherapy....